BMPR1B

LSJL upregulates BMPR1B.


Impairment of Sox9 expression in limb buds of rats homozygous for hypodactyly mutation.

"Rat hypodactyly (hd) is an autosomal recessive mutation manifesting in homozygotes as reduction or loss of digits II and III. We mapped the hd allele to a short segment of chromosome 10, containing 16 genes. None of these genes has been shown to influence limb development yet. In situ hybridization showed no changes in several important patterning genes (Shh, Fgf8, Bmp2, 4, 7). However, we found that expression of cartilage condensation marker Sox9, and Bmp receptor Bmpr1b (acting as an upstream activator of Sox9 expression) is absent from the subepithelial mesenchyme of the digit condensations II and III. The failure of the chondrogenic condensations to extend towards the subepithelial mesenchyme may reduce the size of digit primordia and underlie the subsequent loss of phalanges and reduction of metacarpals/metatarsals in hd rats."

"Bmpr1a conditional knockout mice exhibit generalized chondrodysplasia with long bones shortened and ossification delayed. In double (Bmpr1a-/- and Bmpr1b-/-) mutants, all bones that form through endochondral ossification are either absent or malformed, and differentiation of prechondrocytes into chondrocytes is severely affected. Importantly, double mutants do not express Sox9, indicating that BMP signalling acts as an upstream activator of Sox9 expression."